Umshicileli-IiNdaba zeMfundo yamaNdiya, iMfundo yamaNdiya, iMfundo yeHlabathi, iiNdaba zeKholeji, iiDyunivesithi, iiNdlela eziKhethekileyo zeMisebenzi, uLwamkelo, imisebenzi, iiMviwo, Amanqaku ovavanyo, Iindaba zeKholeji, Iindaba zeMfundo
Imveliso yayikwihlobo eliphezulu.UMthetho weChips neNzululwazi, oqale ukusebenza ngo-Agasti, umele utyalo-mali olukhulu kwimveliso yasekhaya eMelika.Lo mthetho uyilwayo ujolise ekwandiseni ngokubonakalayo ishishini le-semiconductor yase-US, ukomeleza amakhonkco obonelelo, kunye nokutyala imali kuphando nakuphuhliso ukuze kuphunyezwe impumelelo entsha yobuchwepheshe.Ngokutsho kukaJohn Hart, unjingalwazi wobunjineli bomatshini kunye nomlawuli weLebhu yoMveliso kunye neMveliso kwi-Massachusetts Institute of Technology, uMthetho weChip ngumzekelo wamva nje wokunyuka okuphawulekayo komdla ovela kubavelisi kwiminyaka yamuva.Impembelelo yobhubhane kumakhonkco obonelelo, i-geopolitics yehlabathi, kunye nokufaneleka kunye nokubaluleka kophuhliso oluzinzileyo, ”utshilo uHart.Izinto ezintsha kubuchwephesha boshishino.“Ngokukhula kokugxila kwimveliso, ukuzinza kufuneka kubekwe phambili.Malunga nekota yayo yonke igesi ephuma kwi-greenhouse ngo-2020 ivela kwimizi-mveliso nakwimveliso.Imizi-mveliso nemizi-mveliso isenokuwaphelisa amanzi asekuhlaleni ize ivelise inkunkuma eninzi, eminye yayo enokuba yityhefu.Ukusombulula ezi ngxaki kunye nokuqinisekisa ukutshintshela kuqoqosho lwekhabhoni ephantsi, kuyimfuneko ukuphuhlisa iimveliso ezintsha kunye neenkqubo zoshishino kunye nobuchwepheshe bemveliso ezinzileyo.UHart ukholelwa ukuba iinjineli zoomatshini zinendima ebalulekileyo ekufuneka ziyidlalile kule ndima yotshintsho."Iinjineli zobuchwephesha zinekhono elikhethekileyo lokusombulula iingxaki ezibalulekileyo ezifuna iteknoloji ye-hardware yesizukulwana esilandelayo kwaye bayazi indlela yokulinganisa izisombululo zabo," kusho uHart, unjingalwazi kunye nokuphumelela kwiSebe le-MIT lobuNjineli boMatshini.Inika izisombululo kwiingxaki zokusingqongileyo, ivula indlela yekamva elizinzileyo.Gradun: Cleantech Water Solutions Manufacturing ifuna amanzi, kwaye maninzi.Iplanti yokuvelisa isemiconductor ephakathi zisebenzisa ngaphezulu kwe-10 yezigidi zeelitha zamanzi ngosuku.ihlabathi liya lisanda ukuhlupheka ngenxa yembalela.I-Gradiant inika izisombululo kule ngxaki yamanzi.Inkampani ikhokelwa ngu-Anurag Bajpayee SM '08 PhD '12 kunye noPrakash Govindan PhD '12 co-baseki kunye noovulindlela emanzini azinzileyo okanye iiprojekthi "zobuchwephesha obucocekileyo".U-Bajpayee kunye noGovindan, njengabafundi abathweswe izidanga kwiLebhu yoTshintsho loBushushu abathiywe ngoRosenova Kendall, babelane ngepragmatism kunye nepenchant yokwenza.Ngexesha lembalela enkulu e-Chennai, eIndiya, uGovindan waphuhlisela i-PhD yakhe itekhnoloji ye-humidification-dehumidification elinganisa umjikelo wendalo wemvula.Itekhnoloji abayibiza ngokuba yiCarrier Gas Extraction (CGE), kwaye ngo-2013 bobabini baseka iGradient.I-CGE yi-algorithm yobunini ethathela ingqalelo ukuguquguquka kumgangatho kunye nobungakanani bamanzi amdaka angenayo.I-algorithm isekelwe kwinombolo engenamda, apho uGovindan wayekhe wacebisa ukuba abize inombolo kaLinhard ngokuhlonipha umphathi wakhe.umgangatho wamanzi kwinkqubo iyatshintsha, itekhnoloji yethu ithumela ngokuzenzekelayo umqondiso wokulungelelanisa izinga lokuhamba ukuze ubuyisele inombolo engenamda kwi-1. Nje ukuba ibuyele kwixabiso le-1, uya kuba ngcono, "kuchaza uGovindan, i-COO ye-Gradiant. .Inkqubo iqhuba kwaye iphatha amanzi amdaka avela kwizityalo zokuvelisa ukuze aphinde asetyenziswe, ekugqibeleni igcina izigidi zeerandi ngonyaka kwiilitha zamanzi.Njengoko inkampani ikhula, iqela le-Gradiant longeza itekhnoloji entsha kwi-arsenal yabo, kubandakanya ukutsalwa okungcolileyo okukhethiweyo, indlela yoqoqosho yokususa kuphela ungcoliseko oluthile, kunye nenkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-countercurrent reverse osmosis, indlela yabo yoxinaniso lwe-brine.Ngoku banikezela ngeseti epheleleyo yezisombululo zetekhnoloji yonyango lwamanzi kunye namanzi amdaka kubathengi kumashishini afana namayeza, amandla, imigodi, ukutya kunye nesiselo, kunye noshishino olukhulayo lwe-semiconductor.“Singababoneleli bezisombululo zonikezelo lwamanzi zizonke.Sinoluhlu lwetekhnoloji yobunini kwaye siya kukhetha kumphongolo wethu ngokusekwe kwiimfuno zabathengi bethu, utshilo uBajpayee, iCEO yeGradiant.“Abathengi basibona njengeqabane labo lamanzi.Singakwazi ukusombulula iingxaki zabo zamanzi ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya ekupheleni ukuze bagxile kwishishini labo elingundoqo.“IGradun iye yakhula ngendlela engathethekiyo kule minyaka ilishumi idluleyo.Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, bakhe amaziko angama-450 okucoca amanzi kunye namanzi amdaka anyanga amakhaya alingana nezigidi ezi-5 ngosuku.Ngokuthengiwe mva nje, inani lilonke likhule laya kutsho kubantu abangaphezu kwama-500.Izisombululo zibonakaliswa kubathengi babo, ezibandakanya iPfizer, i-Anheuser-Busch InBev kunye neCoca-Cola.Abathengi babo bakwabandakanya izigebenga zesemiconductor ezifana neMicron Technology, GlobalFoundries, Intel kunye neTSMC.Amanzi amdaka kunye namanzi acocekileyo e-semiconductors anyukile ngokwenene, ”utshilo uBajpayee.Abavelisi be-Semiconductor bafuna amanzi e-ultrapure ukuvelisa amanzi.Iziqina ezinyibilikisiweyo zizonke xa kuthelekiswa namanzi okusela ngamalungu ambalwa kwisigidi ngasinye.Ngokungafaniyo neyokuqala, inani lamanzi elisetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwe-microchip liphakathi kweengxenye ngebhiliyoni nganye okanye iinxalenye nge-quadrillion.Okwangoku, izinga lokuphinda lisetyenziswe kwakhona kwiplanti yokuvelisa i-semiconductor (okanye i-factory) eSingapore kuphela i-43%.Usebenzisa i-Ge C iteknoloji yethu, ezi mizi-mveliso zinokuphinda zisetyenziswe kwi-98-99% “ye-10 lezigidi zeegaloni zamanzi eziwadingayo ngeyunithi nganye yemveliso.La manzi asetyenzisiweyo acoceke ngokwaneleyo ukuba angabuyela kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwezinto.”Sikuphelisile ukukhutshelwa kwamanzi angcolisekileyo, sisusa ngokupheleleyo ukuthembela komzi-mveliso we-semiconductor kumanzi oluntu.”I-Bajpayee In, i-fabry ci iphantsi koxinzelelo olwandayo lokuphucula ukusetyenziswa kwabo kwamanzi, okwenza uzinzo lubaluleke kakhulu.kwizityalo ezininzi zase-US ngokwahlukana: ukuhluzwa kweekhemikhali okusebenzayo okufana ne-Bajpayee kunye ne-Govindan, i-Shreya Dave '09, i-SM '12, i-PhD '16 igxile ekukhutshweni kwetyuwa kwi-PhD yakhe.Phantsi kwesikhokelo somcebisi wakhe, uJeffrey Grossman, uNjingalwazi wezeNzululwazi yezeNdalo nobuNjineli, uDave wenze inwebu enokuthi inike ukukhutshwa kwetyuwa emanzini ngokufanelekileyo nangexabiso eliphantsi.Emva kokuhlalutya ngononophelo iindleko kunye nohlalutyo lwemarike, uDave wagqiba ekubeni iimbrane zakhe zokukhupha ityuwa azinakuthengiswa.“Itekhnoloji zanamhlanje zilungile kwinto abayenzayo.yenza.Amaxabiso aphantsi, aveliswa ngobuninzi, kwaye asebenza kakuhle kakhulu.Kwakungekho ntengiso yetekhnoloji yethu, ”utshilo uDave.Kungekudala emva kokuthethelela isicatshulwa sakhe, wafunda inqaku lophononongo kwijenali yeNdalo elatshintsha yonke into.Eli nqaku layichaza ingxaki.Ukwahlula kweekhemikhali, okusentliziyweni yeenkqubo ezininzi zoshishino, kufuna amandla amaninzi.Ishishini lifuna ii-membrane ezisebenzayo nezingabizi kakhulu.UDave wacinga ukuba unokuba nesisombululo.Emva kokuchonga ukuba kukho amathuba ezoqoqosho, uDave, Grossman, kunye noBrent Keller, PhD '16, wadala i-Via Separations ngo-2017. Kungekudala emva koko, bakhetha i-Engine njengenye yeenkampani zokuqala zokufumana inkxaso-mali ye-venture evela kwi-Massachusetts Institute of Technology.Okwangoku, ukuhluzwa kwamashishini kwenziwa ngokufudumeza iikhemikhali kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakhulu ukwahlula iikhompawundi.UDave ukufanisa nokubilisa onke amanzi ade abe ngumphunga ukuze enze ipasta kwaye okuseleyo sisipaghetti.Kwimveliso, le ndlela yokwahlula iikhemikhali inamandla amakhulu kwaye ayisebenzi.Ngokuhlukana kwe-Via kwenze ikhemikhali elingana nemveliso ye "pasta filter".Esikhundleni sokusebenzisa ubushushu ukuze bahlukane, iimbumba zabo "zihluza" iikhompawundi.Le ndlela yokucoca iikhemikhali idla amandla angaphantsi kwama-90% kuneendlela eziqhelekileyo.Ngelixa uninzi lweembrane zenziwe ngeepolymers, Via Separations membranes zenziwe ngegraphene oxidized, enokumelana namaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye nemekobume erhabaxa.I-membrane ilinganiswe kwiimfuno zabathengi ngokuguqula ubungakanani bepore kunye nokulungiswa komphezulu wekhemistri.Okwangoku, uDave kunye neqela lakhe bagxile kwishishini le-pulp kunye nephepha njengesiseko sabo.Baye baphuhlisa inkqubo ephinda isebenzise into eyaziwa ngokuba “butywala obumnyama” ngendlela eyonga amandla.iphepha, isinye kwisithathu kuphela se-biomass sisetyenziselwa iphepha.Okwangoku, ukusetyenziswa okubaluleke kakhulu kwesibini kwisithathu sephepha lenkunkuma kukusebenzisa i-evaporator ukubilisa amanzi, ukuyijika ukusuka kumlambo odibeneyo kakhulu ukuya kumlambo ogxininisekileyo, "utshilo uDave.amandla aveliswayo asetyenziselwa ukunika amandla inkqubo yokuhluza. "Le nkqubo ivaliweyo idla amandla amaninzi e-United States.Sinokukwenza oku ngokubeka "inetha ye-spaghetti" kwi-cauldron, uDave wongezelela.I-VulcanForms: I-Industrial Scale Additive Manufacturing Ufundisa ikhosi kwi-3D yokushicilela, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-Additive Manufacturing (AM).Nangona yayingeyiyo eyona ngqwalasela yakhe ngelo xesha, wagxila kuphando, kodwa wafumanisa ukuba isihloko sinomdla.Njengoko benzayo abafundi abaninzi eklasini, kuquka uMartin Feldmann MEng '14.UFeldmann wajoyina iqela lophando likaHart ixesha elizeleyo emva kokufumana isidanga se-master's kwimveliso ephezulu.Apho badibana phezu komdla ofanayo kwi-AM.Babone ithuba lokusungula itekhnoloji yokuvelisa isinyithi eyongezelelweyo eqinisekisiweyo eyaziwa ngokuba yi-powder bed laser welding kwaye bacetywa ukuzisa ingqikelelo yokwenziwa kwesinyithi esongezelelweyo kwisikali semizi-mveliso.Ngo-2015 baseka iiVulcanForms."Siphuhlise i-AM Machine Architecture ukuvelisa iinxalenye zomgangatho obalaseleyo kunye nemveliso," kusho uHart.“Kwaye thina.Oomatshini bethu badityaniswe kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwedijithali ngokupheleleyo edibanisa ukuvelisa okongeziweyo, ukusetyenzwa kwasemva kokulungiswa kunye nokuchaneka komatshini.“Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iinkampani ezithengisa iiprinta ze-3D kwabanye ukwenza iinxalenye, iVulcanForms isebenzisa iimoto zayo ezininzi ukwenza nokuthengisa iinxalenye zoomatshini kubathengi.IVulcanForms ikhule yaya kutsho kuma-400 abasebenzi.Iqela lavula imveliso yalo yokuqala kunyaka ophelileyo.Ishishini elibizwa ngokuba yi "VulcanOne".Umgangatho kunye nokuchaneka kweendawo eziveliswe yiVulcanForms zibalulekile kwiimveliso ezifana nokufakelwa kwezonyango, ukutshintshiselana kobushushu kunye neenjini zenqwelomoya.Oomatshini babo banokuprinta iileya ezibhityileyo zentsimbi.UHart, olilungu lebhodi yabalawuli bale nkampani wongezelela wathi: “Sivelisa iinxalenye ekunzima ukuzenza okanye, kwezinye iimeko, ezingenakwenziwa.Itekhnoloji ephuhliswe yi-VulcanForms inokunceda ukuvelisa iinxalenye kunye neemveliso ngendlela ezinzileyo, ngokuthe ngqo ngenkqubo yokongeza, okanye ngokungathanga ngqo ngokusebenzisa ikhonkco lonikezelo olusebenza kakuhle kwaye oluguquguqukayo. ukugcinwa kwezinto eziphathekayo.Izinto ezininzi ezisetyenziswa kwiiVulcanForms, ezifana ne-titanium alloys, zifuna amandla amaninzi.inxalenye ye-titanium, usebenzisa imathiriyeli engaphantsi kakhulu kuneenkqubo zobutshixo zemveli.Ukusebenza kakuhle kwezinto kulapho uHart ebona i-AM isenza umahluko omkhulu ngokonga amandla.I-Hart iphinda ibonise ukuba i-AM inokukhawulezisa izinto ezintsha kubuchwephesha bamandla acocekileyo, ukusuka kwiinjini zejethi ezisebenzayo ukuya kwii-reactors ze-fusion ezizayo. inguqu kulo mba,” wongeza uHart.Imveliso: Ukukhuhlana.Unjingalwazi wobunjineli boomatshini uKripa Varanasi kunye neqela le-LiquiGlide bazibophelele ekudaleni ikamva elingenazingxabano kunye nokunciphisa kakhulu inkunkuma kwinkqubo.Yasekwa ngo-2012 nguVaranasi kunye nomfundi owayephumelele u-David Smith SM '11, iLiquiGlide iphuhlise iiayilethi ezikhethekileyo ezivumela ulwelo ukuba "lutyibilike" ngaphezulu komphezulu.Ithontsi ngalinye lemveliso liya kusetyenziswa, nokuba licudiwe kwityhubhu yentlama yamazinyo okanye igalelwe kwijagi yeelitha ezingama-500 kumzi-mveliso.Izikhongozeli ezingakhubekiyo zinciphisa kakhulu inkunkuma yemveliso, kwaye akukho mfuneko yokuba zicoce izikhongozeli phambi kokuba ziphinde zisetyenziswe okanye zisetyenziswe kwakhona.inkampani yenze inkqubela enkulu kwicandelo leemveliso zabathengi.Umxhasi wakwaColgate usebenzise ubuchwepheshe beLiquiGlide kuyilo lwebhotile yeColgate Elixir intlama yamazinyo, ephumelele iimbasa zoyilo lweshishini.ILiquiGlide ibambisene nomyili owaziwayo wehlabathi uYves Behar ukusebenzisa itekhnoloji yabo kubuhle kunye nococeko lokupakishwa kwemveliso.Kwangaxeshanye, iSebe Lokutya Neziyobisi laseUnited States labanika isixhobo esinobuchule.Ukusetyenziswa kweBiopharmaceutical kudala amathuba.Ngo-2016, inkampani yavelisa inkqubo eyenza imveliso yesikhongozelo esingena-friction.ukunyangwa kwendawo yokugcina iitanki, i-funnels kunye ne-hoppers, ukukhusela izinto eziphathekayo kwiindonga.Inkqubo inokunciphisa inkunkuma yempahla ukuya kuthi ga kwi-99%.“Oku kungatshintsha ngokwenene.Igcina inkunkuma yemveliso, inciphisa amanzi amdaka ekucoceni itanki, kwaye inceda ukwenza inkqubo yokuvelisa ingabinankunkuma,” utshilo uVaranasi, usihlalo weLiquiGlide.umphezulu wesikhongozeli.Xa ifakwe kwisikhongozeli, i-lubricant isafakwe kwi-texture.Amandla eCapillary azinzisa kwaye avumele ulwelo ukuba lusasazeke phezu komhlaba, ludala indawo egcotyiweyo esisigxina apho nayiphi na into ebonakalayo inokutyibilika.Inkampani isebenzisa i-algorithms ye-thermodynamic ukumisela indibaniselwano ekhuselekileyo yezinto eziqinileyo kunye nolwelo ngokuxhomekeke kwimveliso, nokuba yintlama yamazinyo okanye ipeyinti.Inkampani iye yakha inkqubo yokutshiza yerobhothi ekwaziyo ukuphatha izitya kunye namatanki kumzi-mveliso.Ukongeza ekusindiseni inkampani izigidi zeedola kwinkunkuma yemveliso, iLiquiGlide inciphisa kakhulu ubungakanani bamanzi afunekayo ukucoca rhoqo ezi zikhongozeli apho imveliso ihlala incamathela ezindongeni.Ifuna ukucocwa ngamanzi amaninzi.Ngokomzekelo, kwi-agrochemistry, kukho imigaqo engqongqo yokulahlwa kwamanzi amdaka anetyhefu.Yonke le nto inokupheliswa ngeLiquiGlide, utshilo uVaranasi.Ngelixa izityalo ezininzi zokuvelisa zivaliwe kwangoko kubhubhane, zicothisa ukukhutshwa kweeprojekthi zolingo ze-CleanTanX kwiifektri, imeko iye yaphucuka kwezi nyanga zidlulileyo.I-Varanasi ibona imfuno ekhulayo yetekhnoloji ye-LiquiGlide, ngakumbi kulwelo olunje nge-semiconductor pastes.Iinkampani ezifana neGradant, Via Separations, VulcanForms kunye neLiquiGlide zingqina ukuba ukwandisa imveliso akufuneki kufike ngexabiso eliphakamileyo lokusingqongileyo.Imveliso inamandla okukhula ngokuzinzileyo. ”iinjineli zoomatshini, imveliso ibisoloko ingundoqo womsebenzi wethu.Ngokukodwa, e-MIT, bekusoloko kukho ukuzibophelela ekwenzeni ukuveliswa kwezinto ezizinzileyo, "utshilo u-Evelyn Wang, unjingalwazi we-Ford wezobunjineli kunye nowayesakuba ngusihlalo wesebe lobunjineli bomatshini.iplanethi yethu intle.“Ngemithetho efana ne-CHIPS kunye noMthetho weSayensi ovuselela imveliso, kuya kubakho imfuno ekhulayo yokuqalisa kunye neenkampani eziphuhlisa izisombululo ezinciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo, ezisisondeza kwikamva elizinzileyo.
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