Isitofu se-intravenous (IV) yinaliti yechiza okanye enye into kwi- vein kwaye ngqo egazini.Le yenye yeendlela ezikhawulezayo zokuhambisa iyeza emzimbeni.
Ulawulo lwe-intravenous lubandakanya inaliti enye elandelwa yityhubhu encinci okanye i-catheter efakwe kwi-vein.Oku kuvumela iingcali zempilo ukuba zilawule iidosi ezininzi zechiza okanye isisombululo se-infusion ngaphandle kokuphinda batofe inaliti kwidosi nganye.
Eli nqaku libonelela ngesishwankathelo sokuba kutheni abasebenzi bezempilo besebenzisa ii-IVs, basebenza njani, kwaye zeziphi izixhobo abazidingayo.Ikwachaza ezinye zeenzuzo kunye neengozi zamayeza e-intravenous kunye ne-infusion, kunye neminye yeengozi zabo kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.
Ukutofa ngemithambo yenye yezona ndlela zikhawulezayo nezilawulwayo zokuhambisa iziyobisi okanye ezinye izinto emzimbeni.
Abasebenzi bokhathalelo lwezempilo banokusebenzisa iziyobisi nge-intravenous okanye ezinye izinto ngokusebenzisa i-peripheral okanye umgca ophakathi.La macandelo alandelayo achaza nganye kuzo ngokweenkcukacha ngakumbi.
Icatheter yeperipheral okanye iperipheral intravenous catheter luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwenaliti esetyenziswa kunyango lwexeshana elifutshane.
Imigca yeperipheral iyafumaneka kwiinaliti ze-bolus kunye ne-timed infusions.La macandelo alandelayo achaza nganye kuzo ngokweenkcukacha ngakumbi.
Zibandakanya ukutofwa idosi yeziyobisi ngokuthe ngqo egazini lomntu.Ingcali yezempilo inokuphinda ibhekisele kwinaliti ye-bolus njenge-bolus okanye i-bolus.
Zibandakanya ukuhanjiswa ngokuthe ngcembe kweziyobisi egazini lomntu ekuhambeni kwexesha.Le ndlela ibandakanya ukulawulwa kwamachiza ngedriphu eqhagamshelwe kwi-catheter.Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokufakela nge-intravenous: i-drip kunye nempompo.
I-Drip infusions isebenzisa amandla omxhuzulane ukunika unikezelo oluzinzileyo lolwelo ekuhambeni kwexesha.Xa kuthotywa ithontsi, umsebenzi wezempilo kufuneka axhome ingxowa ye-IV phezu komntu lowo unyangwayo ukuze umxhuzulane utsale lo mayeza ezantsi emithanjeni.
Ukunyuswa kwempompo kubandakanya ukudibanisa impompo kwi-infusion.Ipompo ihambisa ulwelo lokugalela egazini lomntu ngendlela ezinzileyo nelawulwayo.
Umgca ophakathi okanye i-catheter ye-venous ephakathi ingena kwi-trunk vein ephakathi, njenge-vena cava.I-vena cava ngumthambo omkhulu obuyisela igazi entliziyweni.Iingcali zonyango zisebenzisa iiX-reyi ukumisela indawo efanelekileyo yomgca.
Ezinye iisayithi eziqhelekileyo zee-catheter ze-intravenous zexesha elifutshane ziquka iisayithi ze-forearm ezifana nesihlahla okanye ingqiniba, okanye umva wesandla.Ezinye iimeko zinokufuna ukusetyenziswa kwendawo yangaphandle yonyawo.
Kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo, ingcali yezempilo inokugqiba ekubeni isebenzise indawo yokutofa eyahlukileyo, efana nomthambo entanyeni.
Umgca ophakathi ngokuqhelekileyo ungena kwi-vena cava ephezulu.Nangona kunjalo, indawo yokuqala yokutofa idla ngokuhlala esifubeni okanye engalweni.
Isitofu esithe ngqo kwi-intravenous okanye nge-intravenous ibandakanya ukulawulwa kwedosi yonyango yechiza okanye enye into ngqo kwi-vein.
Inzuzo yokufakwa ngokuthe ngqo kwi-intravenous kukuba ihambisa idosi efunekayo yechiza ngokukhawuleza, nto leyo inceda ukuba isebenze ngokukhawuleza.
Ukungalungi kokulawulwa ngokuthe ngqo kwi-intravenous kukuba ukuthatha iidosi ezinkulu zechiza kunokunyusa umngcipheko womonakalo osisigxina kwi-vein.Lo mngcipheko unokuba phezulu ukuba ichiza liyinto eyaziwayo yokucaphukisa.
Iinaliti ezifakwa ngokuthe ngqo kwi-intravenous zikwathintela iingcali zezempilo ekunikezeni iidosi ezinkulu zamachiza ixesha elide.
Ukungalungi kwe-intravenous infusion kukuba ayivumeli iidosi ezinkulu zeyeza ukuba zingene emzimbeni ngokukhawuleza.Oku kuthetha ukuba ukubonakaliswa kwempembelelo yonyango yeyeza kunokuthatha ixesha.Ngaloo ndlela, ulwelo olufakwa emithanjeni lusenokungabi yindlela efanelekileyo xa umntu efuna iyeza ngokukhawuleza.
Iingozi kunye nemiphumo emibi yokulawulwa kwe-intravenous ayiqhelekanga.Le yinkqubo ehlaselayo kwaye imithambo ibhityile.
Uphononongo luka-2018 lufumene ukuba ukuya kuthi ga kwi-50 yepesenti ye-peripheral IV catheter procedures ayiphumelelanga.Imigca ephakathi nayo inokudala iingxaki.
Ngokophononongo olupapashwe kwi-Journal ye-Vascular Access, i-phlebitis ingenzeka kwi-31% yabantu abasebenzisa i-catheters ye-intravenous ngexesha lokungena.Ezi mpawu zikholisa ukunyangeka kwaye yi-4% kuphela yabantu ababa neempawu ezinzima.
Ukuqaliswa kweyeza ngokuthe ngqo kwi-peripheral vein kunokubangela ukucaphuka kunye nokuvuvukala kwezicubu ezijikelezayo.Oku kucaphukisa kunokuthi kube ngenxa ye-pH yokuqulunqa okanye ezinye izithako eziphazamisayo ezinokuthi zibe khona ekuqulunqweni.
Ezinye iimpawu ezinokubakho zokucaphuka kweziyobisi ziquka ukudumba, ububomvu okanye ukuguquka kombala, kunye neentlungu kwindawo ebekutofwe kuyo.
Umonakalo oqhubekayo kumthambo unokubangela ukuba igazi livuze kumthambo, okukhokelela ekugruzukeni kwindawo yokutofa.
I-Drug extravasation ligama lonyango lokuvuza kwechiza elitofwayo ukusuka kumthambo wegazi ukuya kwizihlunu ezijikelezileyo.Oku kunokubangela ezi mpawu zilandelayo:
Kwezinye iimeko, iibhaktheriya ezivela kumphezulu wolusu zingangena kwi-catheter kwaye zibangele usulelo.
Imigca esembindini ngokubanzi ayithwali imingcipheko efanayo njengemigca esecaleni, nangona ithwala imingcipheko ethile.Eminye imingcipheko enokubakho kumgca osembindini iquka:
Ukuba umntu ukrokrela ukuba banokuba neengxaki kunye nomgca ophakathi, kufuneka bazise ugqirha wabo ngokukhawuleza.
Uhlobo kunye ne-IV indlela umntu ayidingayo ixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi.Oku kubandakanya amayeza kunye nomthamo abawufunayo, ukuba bawafuna ngokukhawuleza kangakanani amayeza, kwaye kufuneka ukuba amayeza ahlale ixesha elingakanani kwinkqubo yawo.
Ukutofa ngemithanjana kunomngcipheko othile, njengeentlungu, ukucaphuka, nokugruzuka.Iingozi ezimandundu ngakumbi ziquka usulelo kunye namahlwili egazi.
Ukuba kunokwenzeka, umntu kufuneka axoxe ngeengozi ezinokwenzeka kunye neengxaki zolawulo lwe-IV kunye nogqirha ngaphambi kokuba athathe olu nyango.
Ukugqabhuka kwe-vein kwenzeka xa inaliti ilimaza i-vein, ibangela intlungu kunye nokulimala.Kwiimeko ezininzi, imithambo ekrazukileyo ayibangeli umonakalo wexesha elide.Fumana ngakumbi apha.
Oogqirha basebenzisa umgca wePICC wonyango lwe-intravenous (IV) kwisigulane.Baneenzuzo ezininzi kwaye banokufuna ukhathalelo lwasekhaya.Fumana ngakumbi apha.
Ukufakwa kwe-iron kukuhanjiswa kwentsimbi emzimbeni ngomgca we-intravenous.Ukonyuka komthamo we-iron egazini lomntu kunokuba ...