Ii-Capillary dispensers zisetyenziswa ikakhulu kwizicelo zasekhaya kunye nezincinci zorhwebo apho umthwalo wobushushu kwi-evaporator ungatshintshi.Ezi nkqubo zikwanawo namazinga aphantsi okuhamba kwefriji kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo zisebenzisa iicompressor zehermetic.Abavelisi basebenzisa ii-capillaries ngenxa yokulula kwabo kunye neendleko eziphantsi.Ukongeza, uninzi lweenkqubo ezisebenzisa ii-capillaries njengesixhobo sokulinganisa azifuni umamkeli wecala eliphezulu, oko kuhlisa iindleko.
Iityhubhu ze-Capillary azikho ngaphezu kweetyhubhu ezide ezinobubanzi obuncinci kunye nobude obusisigxina obufakwe phakathi kwe-condenser kunye ne-evaporator.I-capillary ngokwenene ilinganisa ifriji ukusuka kwi-condenser ukuya kwi-evaporator.Ngenxa yobude obukhulu kunye nobukhulu obuncinci, xa ifriji ihamba ngayo, ukukhuhlana kwamanzi kunye noxinzelelo loxinzelelo lwenzeka.Enyanisweni, njengoko ulwelo olupholileyo luhamba lusuka ezantsi kwecondenser ludlula kwii-capillaries, olunye ulwelo lusenokubila ngelixa lufumana olu xinzelelo lwehla.Olu xinzelelo lwehla luzisa ulwelo olungaphantsi koxinzelelo loxinzelelo lwalo kubushushu balo kwiindawo ezininzi ecaleni kwe-capillary.Oku kuqhwanyaza kubangelwa ukwanda kolwelo xa uxinzelelo lwehla.
Ubungakanani bokukhanya kolwelo (ukuba kukho) buya kuxhomekeka kwiqondo lokupholisa okukhulu kolwelo olusuka kwi-condenser kunye ne-capillary ngokwayo.Ukuba ulwelo oludanyazayo luyenzeka, kuyanqweneleka ukuba isibane sibe kufutshane ne-evaporator kangangoko ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo.Okukhona ulwelo lubanda ukusuka ezantsi kwecondenser, kokukhona ulwelo oluncinane lungena kwi-capillary.I-capillary idla ngokudityaniswa, igqithwe okanye idityaniswe kumgca wokufunxa ukuze i-subcooling eyongezelelweyo ukuthintela ulwelo kwi-capillary ekubiliseni.Ngenxa yokuba i-capillary ithintela kwaye ilinganisa ukuhamba kolwelo kwi-evaporator, inceda ukugcina ukuhla koxinzelelo olufunekayo ukuze inkqubo isebenze kakuhle.
Umbhobho we-capillary kunye ne-compressor zizinto ezimbini ezahlula icala loxinzelelo oluphezulu ukusuka kwicala eliphantsi loxinzelelo lwenkqubo yefriji.
I-tube ye-capillary ihluke kwisixhobo sokulinganisa i-valve yokwandisa ngenxa yokuba ayinazo iindawo ezihambayo kwaye ayilawuli ukushisa okuphezulu kwe-evaporator phantsi kwayo nayiphi na imeko yomthwalo wokushisa.Nangona kungabikho iindawo ezihambayo, iityhubhu ze-capillary zitshintsha izinga lokuhamba njengoko i-evaporator kunye / okanye i-condenser system pressure itshintsha.Enyanisweni, ifezekisa kuphela ukusebenza kakuhle xa uxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye necala eliphantsi lidibene.Oku kungenxa yokuba i-capillary isebenza ngokuxhaphaza umahluko woxinzelelo phakathi kwamacala aphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphantsi lwenkqubo yefriji.Njengoko ukuhlukana koxinzelelo phakathi kwamacala aphezulu kunye naphantsi kwenkqubo yanda, ukuhamba kwefriji kuya kwanda.Iityhubhu zeCapillary zisebenza ngokwanelisayo kuluhlu olubanzi lokuhla koxinzelelo, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo azisebenzi kakuhle.
Ekubeni i-capillary, i-evaporator, i-compressor kunye ne-condenser ixhunyiwe kwi-series, izinga lokuhamba kwi-capillary kufuneka lilingane nempompo phantsi kwesantya se-compressor.Yingakho ubude obaliweyo kunye nobubanzi be-capillary kwi-evaporation ebalwayo kunye noxinzelelo lwe-condensation lubaluleke kakhulu kwaye kufuneka lulingane nomthamo wempompo phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo zokuyila.Ukujika okuninzi kwi-capillary kuya kuchaphazela ukuchasana kwayo ukuhamba kwaye emva koko kuchaphazele ibhalansi yenkqubo.
Ukuba i-capillary inde kakhulu kwaye ixhathisa kakhulu, kuya kubakho uthintelo lokuhamba kwendawo.Ukuba ububanzi buncinci kakhulu okanye kukho ukujika okukhulu xa ujika, umthamo wombhobho uya kuba ngaphantsi kwe-compressor.Oku kuya kubangela ukungabikho kwe-oyile kwi-evaporator, okukhokelela kuxinzelelo oluphantsi lokufunxa kunye nokushisa okukhulu.Ngelo xesha, i-subcooled liquid iya kuphinda ibuyele kwi-condenser, idala intloko ephezulu ngenxa yokuba akukho mmkeli kwinkqubo yokubamba ifriji.Ngentloko ephezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphantsi kwi-evaporator, izinga lokuhamba kwefriji liya kunyuka ngenxa yokuhla koxinzelelo oluphezulu kwityhubhu ye-capillary.Kwangaxeshanye, ukusebenza kwecompressor kuya kuncipha ngenxa yomlinganiselo ophezulu woxinzelelo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwevolumetric.Oku kuya kunyanzela inkqubo ukuba ilingane, kodwa kwintloko ephezulu kunye noxinzelelo lwe-evaporation ephantsi kunokukhokelela ekusebenzeni okungeyomfuneko.
Ukuba ukuchasana kwe-capillary kuncinci kunokuba kufunwa ngenxa yobubanzi obufutshane okanye obukhulu kakhulu, izinga lokuhamba kwefriji liya kuba likhulu kunomthamo wempompo ye-compressor.Oku kuya kubangela uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-evaporator, ukushisa okuphezulu okuphantsi kunye nezikhukhula zecompressor ezinokwenzeka ngenxa yokugqithiswa kwe-evaporator.I-subcooling inokwehla kwi-condenser ebangela uxinzelelo lwentloko ephantsi kunye nokulahlekelwa kwetywina lolwelo ezantsi kwecondenser.Le ntloko iphantsi kwaye iphezulu kunoxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo lwe-evaporator iya kunciphisa umlinganiselo wokunyanzeliswa kwe-compressor ekhokelela ekusebenzeni okuphezulu kwe-volumetric.Oku kuya kwandisa umthamo we-compressor, onokuthi ulungelelanise ukuba i-compressor inokusingatha ukuhamba kwefriji ephezulu kwi-evaporator.Ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka ukuba ifriji iphuphuma i-compressor, ibangela ukuba i-compressor ingaphumeleli.
Ngenxa yezizathu ezidweliswe ngasentla, kubalulekile ukuba iinkqubo ze-capillary zibe nentlawulo echanekileyo (ebalulekileyo) yefriji kwinkqubo yabo.Ifriji eninzi kakhulu okanye encinci kakhulu inokukhokelela ekungalinganini okunzulu kunye nomonakalo omkhulu kwi-compressor ngenxa yokuhamba kwamanzi okanye izikhukhula.Ukulinganisa i-capillary efanelekileyo, qhagamshelana nomvelisi okanye ubhekisele kwitshathi yobungakanani bomenzi.I-nameplate yesixokelelwano okanye i-nameplate iya kubonisa ngokuthe ngqo ukuba isikhenkcisi singakanani esifunwa yinkqubo, ngokuqhelekileyo kwishumi okanye kwikhulu leeounce.
Kwimithwalo ephezulu yokushisa kwe-evaporator, iinkqubo ze-capillary zisebenza ngokuqhelekileyo ngokushisa okuphezulu;eneneni, i-evaporator superheat ye-40 ° okanye i-50 ° F ayiqhelekanga kwimithwalo ephezulu yobushushu be-evaporator.Oku kungenxa yokuba ifriji ekwi-evaporator iba ngumphunga ngokukhawuleza kwaye inyuse i-100% yendawo yokugcwala komphunga kwi-evaporator, inika inkqubo ukufundwa kobushushu obuphezulu.Iityhubhu zeCapillary azinayo indlela yokuphendula, efana nevalve yokwandisa i-thermostatic (TRV) isibane esikude, ukuxelela isixhobo sokumejarisha ukuba sisebenza kubushushu obuphezulu kwaye silungise ngokuzenzekelayo.Ke ngoko, xa umthwalo we-evaporator uphezulu kwaye i-evaporator superheat iphezulu, inkqubo iya kusebenza ngokungafanelekanga kakhulu.
Oku kunokuba yenye yezinto ezingalunganga zenkqubo ye-capillary.Amagcisa amaninzi afuna ukongeza ifriji engakumbi kwinkqubo ngenxa yokufundwa kobushushu obuphezulu, kodwa oku kuya kulayisha ngaphezulu inkqubo.Ngaphambi kokuba ungeze ifriji, khangela ukufundwa kwe-superheat eqhelekileyo kwimithwalo ephantsi yobushushu be-evaporator.Xa iqondo lobushushu kwindawo efrijini lincitshisiwe ukuya kwiqondo lobushushu elifunekayo kwaye i-evaporator iphantsi komthwalo wobushushu obuphantsi, i-evaporator superheat eqhelekileyo idla ngokuba yi-5° ukuya kwi-10°F.Xa ungathandabuzeki, qokelela ifriji, khupha inkqubo kwaye ungeze intlawulo ebalulekileyo yefriji eboniswe kwi-nameplate.
Nje ukuba ubushushu bobushushu obuphezulu be-evaporator buncitshisiwe kwaye inkqubo itshintshela kumthwalo ophantsi wobushushu bomphunga, umphunga we-100% indawo yokuzalisa uya kuncipha kwiipasile ezimbalwa zokugqibela zomphunga.Oku kubangelwa ukuhla kwesantya sokunyuka kwefriji kwi-evaporator ngenxa yomthwalo ophantsi wokushisa.Isixokelelwano ngoku siya kuba nobushushu obuphezulu bomphunga obumalunga ne-5° ukuya kwi-10°F.Olu fundo luqhelekileyo lwe-evaporator superheat luya kwenzeka kuphela xa umthwalo wobushushu be-evaporator uphantsi.
Ukuba inkqubo ye-capillary igcwele, iya kuqokelela ulwelo olungaphezulu kwi-condenser, ibangele intloko ephezulu ngenxa yokungabikho kommkeli kwinkqubo.Ukuhla koxinzelelo phakathi kwamacala aphantsi kunye naphezulu oxinzelelo lwenkqubo kuya kunyuka, kubangele izinga lokuhamba kwi-evaporator ukuba linyuke kwaye i-evaporator ilayishwe kakhulu, okukhokelela kubushushu obuphantsi.Iyakwazi ukukhukula okanye ivale i-compressor, esinye isizathu sokuba i-capillary systems kufuneka ihlawulwe ngokungqongqo okanye ngokuchanekileyo ngexabiso elichaziweyo lefriji.
John Tomczyk is Professor Emeritus of HVACR at Ferris State University in Grand Rapids, Michigan and co-author of Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Technologies published by Cengage Learning. Contact him at tomczykjohn@gmail.com.
Umxholo oXhasiweyo licandelo elikhethekileyo elihlawulweyo apho iinkampani zoshishino zibonelela ngeziqulatho ezikumgangatho ophezulu, ezingakhethi cala, ezingasorhwebo kwizihloko ezinomdla kubaphulaphuli beendaba be-ACHR.Yonke imixholo exhasiweyo inikezelwa ziinkampani zentengiso.Unomdla wokuthatha inxaxheba kwicandelo lethu lomxholo oxhaswe ngemali?Qhagamshelana nommeli wakho wendawo.
KwiMfuno Kule webinar, siya kufunda malunga nohlaziyo lwamva nje lwe-R-290 yefriji yendalo kunye nendlela eya kuba nefuthe ngayo kwishishini le-HVACR.
Ngexesha lewebhu, uya kufunda indlela yokupasa ngempumelelo isigaba ngasinye sokukhula kweshishini.